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PRIMECLUSTER Global Link Services Configuration and AdministrationGuide 4.3Redundant Line Control Function

2.1.2 NIC switching mode

In this mode, duplicated NICs are connected to the same network and switching control of lines is performed based on the exclusive use (During normal operation, one NIC is made to go "up" for communication). A TCP/IP application can conduct communication with the remote system, irrespective of NIC switching, by using an IP address set in this "up" physical interface as its own local system IP address.

Figure 2.6 Example of duplicated operation in NIC switching mode

Information

NIC switching mode handles logical interface as a takeover interface. When using physical interfaces eth0 and eth1, the takeover interface becomes eth0:1 and eth1:1. Note that it is possible to takeover physical interface without using logical interface. Look under section "2.1.2.2 Switching function" for details on NIC switching mode.

Connection type

Duplicated NICs are connected to the same network. The remote system with which communication is to be carried out can be connected to either the same network or a different network via routers.

Features

If each network device (such as the HUB and routers) has the duplicating function in a multi-vendor environment, this mode is effective when improving overall reliability in combination with these devices. In this case, the range of duplication is defined for each vendor.

Recommended application areas

This mode is appropriate, for example, to communications in a multi-vendor environment in which UNIX servers and PC servers of other companies are mixed.

System configuration

Figure 2.7 System configuration in NIC switching mode shows a system configuration for NIC switching mode:

Figure 2.7 System configuration in NIC switching mode

The following explains each component and its meaning:

Primary physical interface

Indicates, of the duplicated NICs, the physical interface to be used first by activating it.

Secondary physical interface

Indicates the physical interface to be used after switching when a line failure is detected in the Primary physical interface.

Physical IP

Indicates an IP address attached to the Primary or Secondary physical interface. This IP address is always active. IPv4 address can be used for a physical interface. In case of IPv6, a link local address is automatically set as a physical IP address.

Primary monitored IP

Indicates the IP address of a monitored device (HUB) obtained when the Primary physical interface is used. In NIC switching mode, it is possible to use both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses as an address form.

Secondary monitored IP

Indicates the IP address of a monitored device (HUB) obtained when the Secondary physical interface is used. In NIC switching mode, it is possible to use both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses as an address form.

Logical IP

Indicates a local IP address for communication with the remote device. In NIC switching mode, it is possible to use both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses as an address form. When using a physical IP address takeover function, it is not activated. Please refer to "2.1.2.2 Switching function" about a physical IP address takeover function.

2.1.2.1 Fault monitoring function

Fault monitoring

The ping command is issued periodically to the HUB connected to the NIC currently operating and its response is monitored. Optionally, HUB-to-HUB communication can be monitored (For details, see "2.4.1 HUB monitoring function").
If a failure is detected in the NIC currently operating, the system switches to the standby NIC and monitoring similarly starts from the standby NIC side. Then, if a failure is also detected with the standby NIC, line monitoring stops.
When using a standby patrol function, monitoring starts automatically at the recovery of all transfer routes.

Figure 2.8 Monitoring method in NIC switching mode

Switching time

The switching time of a line is represented by [monitoring interval (sec) X monitoring count (count)] (for HUB-to-HUB communication monitoring, this is represented by [monitoring interval (sec) X monitoring count (count) X 2]). The monitoring interval can be set in the range of 1 to 300 seconds and the monitoring count can be set in the range of 1 to 300 times. By default, they are 5 seconds and 5 times respectively.
Even if the ping command failed immediately after started monitoring, it does not regard as a communication line failure until the waiting time (sec) for the Ethernet linkup passed. It is possible to set the waiting time for linkup in a range of 1 to 300 seconds and a default value is 60 seconds. However, if a value is smaller than [monitoring interval (sec) X monitoring count (count)], the time set for linkup is ignored and the time set by this [monitoring interval (sec) X monitoring count (count)] is adopted.

Figure 2.9 Fault detection time in NIC switching mode

Detectable failures

The following failures can be detected:

Figure 2.10 Effective monitoring range in NIC switching mode

Because the failures (1) - (3) appear to be the same failure, a type of the failure cannot be specified. Each device has to be checked to make this determination.

Monitoring start/stop timing

The line monitoring in NIC switching mode is automatically started when the system is activated and is automatically stopped when the system is stopped. In cluster operation, the line monitoring of each node is started and stopped independently. It is also possible to start or stop the line monitoring manually using the operational command (hanetpoll command).

2.1.2.2 Switching function

Switching operation

Switching operation changes the status of an active NIC into "inactive" state and then changes the status of standby NIC to "active" so that standby NIC can run as a new active device. At this point, the MAC address and IP addresses (physical IP and logical IP) are taken over and then an ARP request packet is broadcast, in which the MAC address/IP addresses of the local node are set as the source.
It is possible to choose either a logical IP address takeover function or a physical IP address takeover function as an IP takeover mode.
Both a logical IP address and a physical IP address are taking over at the time of logical IP address takeover function use. Only a physical IP address is taking over at the time of physical IP address takeover function use, without activating a logical IP address.
When using an IPv6 address, it is not possible to use a physical IP address takeover function.
Figure 2.11 Outline of switching operation performed when a failure occurs in NIC switching mode shows an example of node internal switching.
When a failure is detected, a message to notify a failure to the system log is output. If a failure occurs when HUB-to-HUB communication monitoring is enabled, a message to notify a failure to the system log is output when a failure occurs between HUBs.

Figure 2.11 Outline of switching operation performed when a failure occurs in NIC switching mode

Failback operation

If a relevant NIC recovers after NIC switching occurs due to failure detection, you must switch it back manually via hanetnic change command.
This command recovers the system and NIC to operate as an active NIC. In addition, if you setup a Standby Patrol Function, it automatically fails back the defective NIC without manually executing hanetnic change command.

Furthermore, if in any case entire redundant NIC encounters failure, the monitoring process terminates. In such case, you must switch the NIC via hanetnic change command or restart the process via hanetpoll off/on command after recovering the network as required.

See

For details on these commands, see the following:

2.1.2.3 Connectable remote host

Any system can be connected.

2.1.2.4 Available application

The requirement for user applications that can be operated in this mode is as follows:

2.1.2.5 Notes