Checking Reference Modification
Program A
000000 @OPTIONS CHECK(BOUND)
:
000500 77 data-1 PIC X(12).
000600 77 data-2 PIC X(12).
000700 77 length-to-be-referenced PIC 9(4) BINARY.
:
001100 MOVE 10 TO length-to-be-referenced.
001200 MOVE data-1 (1:length-to-be-referenced)
TO data-2 (4:length-to-be-referenced).
:The following message is written for data-2 when the MOVE statement on line 1200 is executed:
JMP0821I-E/U [PID:xxxxxxxx TID:xxxxxxxx] REFERENCE MODIFIER IS OUT OF RANGE. PGM=A. LINE=1200.1. OPD=data-2.
Checking Subscripts and Indexes
Program A
000000 @OPTIONS CHECK(BOUND)
:
000500 77 subscript PIC S9(4).
000600 01 d table.
000700 02 table-1 OCCURS 10 TIMES INDEXED BY index-1.
000800 03 element-1 PIC X(5).
:
001100 MOVE 15 TO subscript.
001200 ADD 1 TO element-1(subscript).
001300 SET index-1 TO 0.
001400 SUBTRACT 1 FROM element-1(index-1).
:When the ADD/SUBTRACT statement is executed, the following message is written:
JMP0820I-E/U [PID:xxxxxxxx TID:xxxxxxxx] SUBSCRIPT/INDEX IS OUT OF RANGE. PGM=A. LINE=1200.1. OPD=element-1 JMP0820I-E/U [PID:xxxxxxxx TID:xxxxxxxx] SUBSCRIPT/INDEX IS OUT OF RANGE. PGM=A. LINE=1400.1. OPD=element-1
Checking Target Words of the OCCURS DEPENDING ON Clause
Program A
000000 @OPTIONS CHECK(BOUND)
:
000050 77 subscript PIC S9(4).
000060 77 cnt PIC S9(4).
000070 01 dtable.
000080 02 table-1 OCCURS 1 TO 10 TIMES DEPENDING ON cnt.
000090 03 element-1 PIC X(5).
:
000110 MOVE 5 TO subscript.
000120 MOVE 25 TO cnt.
000130 MOVE "ABCDE" TO element-1(subscript).
:The following message is written for the count:
JMP0822I-E/U [PID:xxxxxxxx TID:xxxxxxxx] ODO OBJECT VALUE IS OUT OF RANGE. PGM=A. LINE=120.1. OPD=element-1. ODO=cnt.
Checking Numeric Data Exceptions
Program A
000000 @OPTIONS CHECK(NUMERIC) : 000050 01 CHAR PIC X(4) VALUE "ABCD". 000060 01 EXTERNAL-DECIMAL REDEFINES CHAR PIC S9(4). 000070 01 NUM PIC S9(4). : 000150 MOVE EXTERNAL-DECIMAL TO NUM. :
For EXTERNAL-DECIMAL, the following message will appear.
JMP08281-E/U [PID:xxxxxxxx TID:xxxxxxxx] INVALID VALUE SPECIFIED. PGM=A. LINE=150. OPD= EXTERNAL-DECIMAL
Checking a zero divisor
Program A
000000 @OPTIONS CHECK(NUMERIC) : 000060 01 DIVIDEND PIC S9(8) BINARY VALUE 1234. 000070 01 DIVISOR PIC S9(4) BINARY VALUE 0. 000080 01 RESULT PIC S9(4) BINARY VALUE 0. 000150 COMPUTE RESULT = DIVIDEND / DIVISOR.
For the DIVISOR, the following message will appear.
JMP08291-E/U [PID:xxxxxxxx TID:xxxxxxxx] DIVIDED BY ZERO. PGM=A. LINE=150. OPD= DIVISOR
Checking parameters for calling a method
Program A
000000 @OPTIONS CHECK(ICONF)
000010 PROGRAM-ID. A.
:
000030 01 PRM-01 PIC X(9).
000040 01 0BJ-U USAGE IS OBJECT REFERENCE.
:
000060 SET OBJ-U TO B.
000070 INVOKE OBJ-U "C" USING BY REFERENCE PRM-01.
Class B/Method C
000010 CLASS-ID. B.
:
000030 FACTORY.
000040 PROCEDURE DIVISION.
:
000060 METHOD-ID.C.
:
000080 LINKAGE SECTION.
000090 01 PRM-01 PIC 9(9) PACKED-DECIMAL.
000100 PROCEDURE DIVISION USING PRM-01.
:The following message is written when the INVOKE statement of program A is executed:
JMP08101-E/U [PID:xxxxxxxx TID:xxxxxxxx] FAILURE IN USING PARAMETER OF THE 'C' METHOD. PARAMETER=1. PGM=A LINE=70.1
Checking the program calling conventions
There are several calling conventions for Windows applications. The standard calling conventions and the specification method of the calling conventions depend on the development language.
NetCOBOL uses the CALL statement or the WITH phrase of the Procedure Division statement to determine which calling conventions are to be used when passing parameters. Refer to "Differences Among Calling conventions" in the "NetCOBOL User’s Guide".
If the calling conventions are different for the calling program and called program, an error will occur at linkage if the programs have a static-link structure or dynamic-link structure. For a dynamic program structure, however, an error will not occur at linkage. As a result, the execution-time stack is destroyed and the program terminates abnormally. In addition, if the calling conventions of the calling program are STDCALL, the program might terminate abnormally if the calling conventions are the same, but the number of parameters is different. Thus, the program might terminate abnormally for the same reason as if the calling conventions were different. Therefore, program calling conventions are an object for checking.
Program A
000000 @OPTIONS CHECK(LINKAGE)
000010 PROGRAM-ID. A.
:
000030 01 PRM-01 PIC S9(9) COMP-5.
:
000070 CALL "B" WITH C LINKAGE USING PRM-01.
:Program B(C functions)
#include <windows.h>
:
int WINAPI B(long FAR* data1) ...(*1)
{
:
}*1 For the following function declarations, the STDCALL calling conventions will be used.
int WINAPI function name()
int CALLBACK function name()
int PASCAL function name()
int far pascal function name()
int _stdcall function name()The following message is written when the CALL statement of program A is executed:
JMP0811I-E/U [PID:xxxxxxxx TID:xxxxxxxx] FAILURE IN CALLING CONVENTIONS OR PARAMETERS OF THE 'B' PROGRAM. PGM=A LINE=7.1
Internal program call parameter investigation
Program A
000001 @OPTIONS CHECK(PRM) 000002 PROGRAM-ID. A. 000003 ENVIRONMENT DIVISION. 000004 CONFIGURATION SECTION. 000005 REPOSITORY. 000006 CLASS CLASS1. 000007 DATA DIVISION. 000008 WORKING-STORAGE SECTION. 000009 01 P1 PIC X(20). 000010 01 P2 PIC X(10). 000011 01 P3 USAGE OBJECT REFERENCE CLASS1. 000012 PROCEDURE DIVISION. 000013 CALL "SUB1" USING P1 P2 *> JMN3333I-S 000014 CALL "SUB2" *> JMN3414I-S 000015 CALL "SUB1" USING P1 RETURNING P2 *> JMN3508I-S 000016 CALL "SUB1" USING P2 *> JMN3335I-S 000017 CALL "SUB3" USING P3 *> JMN3334I-S 000018 EXIT PROGRAM. 000019* 000020 PROGRAM-ID. SUB1. 000021 DATA DIVISION. 000022 LINKAGE SECTION. 000023 01 L1 PIC X(20). 000024 PROCEDURE DIVISION USING L1. 000025 END PROGRAM SUB1. 000026* 000027 PROGRAM-ID. SUB2. 000028 DATA DIVISION. 000029 LINKAGE SECTION. 000030 01 RET PIC X(10). 000031 PROCEDURE DIVISION RETURNING RET. 000032 END PROGRAM SUB2. 000033* 000034 PROGRAM-ID. SUB3. 000035 DATA DIVISION. 000036 LINKAGE SECTION. 000037 01 L-OR1 USAGE OBJECT REFERENCE. 000038 PROCEDURE DIVISION USING L-OR1. 000039 END PROGRAM SUB3. 000040 END PROGRAM A.
When you compile program A, the following diagnostic message is output at the time of compilation.
** DIAGNOSTIC MESSAGE ** (A) 13: JMN3333I-S THE NUMBER OF PARAMETERSPECIFIED IN USING PHRASE OF CALL STATEMENT MUST BE THE SAME NUMBER OF PARAMETER SPECIFIED IN USING PHRASE OF PROCEDURE DIVISION. 14: JMN3414I-S RETURNING ITEM MUST BE SPECIFIED FOR CALL STATEMENT WHICH CALLS 'SUB2'. THERE IS RETURNING SPECIFICATION IN PROCEDURE DIVISION OF PROGRAM 'SUB2'. 15: JMN3508I-S RETURNING ITEM MUST NOT BE SPECIFIED FOR CALL STATEMENT WHICH CALLS 'SUB1'. THERE IS NOT RETURNING SPECIFICATION IN PROCEDURE DIVISION OF PROGRAM 'SUB1'. 16: JMN3335I-S THE LENGTH OF PARAMETER 'P2' SPECIFIED IN USING PHRASE OR RETURNING PHRASE OF CALL STATEMENT MUST BE THE SAME LENGTH OF PARAMETER 'L1' SPECIFIED IN PROCEDURE DIVISION USING PHRASE OR RETURNING PHRASE OF PROGRAM 'SUB1'. 17: JMN3334I-S THE TYPE OF PARAMETER 'P3' SPECIFIED IN USING PHRASE OR RETURNING PHRASE OF CALL STATEMENT MUST BE THE SAME TYPE OF PARAMETER 'L-OR1' SPECIFIED IN PROCEDURE DIVISION USING PHRASE OR RETURNING PHRASE OF PROGRAM 'SUB3'. STATISTICS: HIGHEST SEVERITY CODE=S, PROGRAM UNIT=1
External program call parameter investigation
In a program invocation, an error in passing parameters causes a program malfunction because the program refers to or updates an unexpected data item or area.
When a COBOL program compiled by specifying a CHECK(PRM) compile option calls another COBOL program compiled in the same way, a message is output if the lengths of each of the parameters do not match.
000010 @OPTIONS CHECK(PRM) 000020 IDENTIFICATION DIVISION. 000030 PROGRAM-ID. A. 000040 DATA DIVISION. 000050 WORKING-STORAGE SECTION. 000060 01 USE-PRM01 PIC 9(04). 000070 01 USE-PRM02 PIC 9(04). 000080 01 RET-PRM01 PIC 9(04). 000090 PROCEDURE DIVISION. 000100 CALL 'B' USING USE-PRM01 USE-PRM02 000110 RETURNING RET-PRM01. 000120 END PROGRAM A.
000000 @OPTIONS CHECK(PRM) 000010 IDENTIFICATION DIVISION. 000020 PROGRAM-ID. B. 000030 DATA DIVISION. 000070 LINKAGE SECTION. 000080 01 USE-PRM01 PIC 9(08). 000090 01 USE-PRM02 PIC 9(04). 000100 01 RET-PRM01 PIC 9(04). 000120 PROCEDURE DIVISION USING USE-PRM01 USE-PRM02 000130 RETURNING RET-PRM01. 000140 END PROGRAM B.
When the CALL statement in program A is executed, the following message is output:
[PID:xxxxxxxx TID:xxxxxxxx] FAILURE IN 'USING 1ST PARAMETER' OF CALL STATEMENT. PGM=A. LINE=10.1.